In a nonradar environment, for two departures that will diverge by 45° or more immediately after takeoff, how many minutes of nonradar separation are required?

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Multiple Choice

In a nonradar environment, for two departures that will diverge by 45° or more immediately after takeoff, how many minutes of nonradar separation are required?

Explanation:
In nonradar operations, separation is often time-based until aircraft are on clearly distinct paths. If two departures will diverge by 45 degrees or more immediately after takeoff, the lateral separation builds quickly, so the minimum required nonradar separation is one minute. That one minute gives enough headway for the two aircraft to be on sufficiently different tracks as they climb on their divergent headings. If the divergence were smaller, a longer time gap would be needed to ensure safe separation while the aircraft are still near each other.

In nonradar operations, separation is often time-based until aircraft are on clearly distinct paths. If two departures will diverge by 45 degrees or more immediately after takeoff, the lateral separation builds quickly, so the minimum required nonradar separation is one minute. That one minute gives enough headway for the two aircraft to be on sufficiently different tracks as they climb on their divergent headings. If the divergence were smaller, a longer time gap would be needed to ensure safe separation while the aircraft are still near each other.

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